How to Completely Roof a House (Step by Step, From Start to Finish)

Embarking on a DIY roofing project can be a daunting task, but with the right guidance, tools, and materials, you’ll be well on your way to a successful project. In this article, we’ll walk you through the entire process of completely roofing a house, from start to finish.

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How to completely roof a house

If you are planning to completely roof a house, you need to follow some steps to ensure a successful and safe project. Here is a guide on how to roof a house from start to finish.

1. Get a permit

Before you begin any roofing work, you need to check with your local building authority and obtain a permit if required.

This will ensure that your roofing project meets the codes and standards of your area and that you avoid any fines or penalties.

2. Remove the old shingles

The next step is to remove the existing shingles from your roof.

You can use a shovel or a roofing tear-off tool to pry off the old shingles and nails.

Be careful not to damage the roof deck underneath. Dispose of the old shingles in a dumpster or a trailer.

3. Repair or replace any roof deck as needed

Once you have removed the old shingles, you need to inspect the roof deck for any damage or rot.

If you find any, you need to repair or replace it with new plywood or OSB boards. Make sure the roof deck is smooth, level and dry before proceeding.

4. Add the drip edge

The drip edge is a metal flashing that goes along the edges of your roof to prevent water from seeping under the shingles and causing damage.

You need to install the drip edge on both the eaves and the rakes of your roof, using roofing nails and overlapping the pieces by at least 2 inches.

5. Install water and ice barriers

Water and ice barriers are self-adhesive membranes that go on top of the drip edge and provide extra protection against water and ice dams.

You need to install them on the lower 3 feet of your roof, as well as around any penetrations such as vents, skylights and chimneys.

6. Install felt paper

Felt paper, also known as tar paper or underlayment, is a layer of asphalt-saturated paper that goes on top of the water and ice barriers and acts as a secondary barrier against moisture and wind.

You need to install it horizontally from the bottom up, using roofing nails and overlapping each row by at least 4 inches.

7. Install roof flashing

Roof flashing is another type of metal flashing that goes around any areas where the roof meets a vertical surface, such as walls, dormers and valleys.

It helps direct water away from these areas and prevent leaks.

You need to install it using roofing nails and sealant, making sure it overlaps with the shingles and the felt paper.

8. Install starter and second shingle strip

The starter strip is a row of shingles that goes along the bottom edge of your roof and provides a base for the rest of the shingles.

You can either buy pre-cut starter shingles or cut them yourself from regular shingles by trimming off the tabs.

You need to install them flush with the drip edge, using roofing nails and leaving about 1/4 inch of overhang.

The second shingle strip is another row of shingles that goes on top of the starter strip and provides extra coverage for the drip edge and the water and ice barriers.

You need to install them offset from the starter strip by about 6 inches, using roofing nails and leaving about 1/4 inch of overhang.

9. Install ventilation

Ventilation is essential for keeping your attic cool and dry, preventing mold growth and extending the life of your roof.

You need to install vents on both the soffits (the underside of your eaves) and the ridge (the peak of your roof).

\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\You can choose from different types of vents, such as box vents, ridge vents or turbine vents, depending on your preference and budget.

10. Get an inspection

After you have installed all the shingles and vents, you need to get an inspection from your local building authority or a licensed roofing contractor to make sure your roofing project meets all the codes and standards of your area and that there are no defects or issues.

11. Waterproof the valleys

The valleys are where two slopes of your roof meet and form a V-shaped angle.

They are prone to water accumulation and leaks, so you need to waterproof them with special valley shingles or metal flashing.

You can either use a closed valley method, where you overlap regular shingles over the valley, or an open valley method, where you expose metal flashing along the valley.

12. Clean up

The final step is to clean up your work area and remove any debris, nails, tools or materials from your roof and yard.

You can use a magnet or a broom to sweep up any loose nails or metal pieces.

You can also use a blower or a hose to wash off any dust or dirt from your roof.

13. Install ridge cap shingles

The ridge cap shingles are special shingles that go along the ridge of your roof and cover up the seams between the regular shingles and the ridge vent.

They also add an aesthetic touch to your roof and make it look more finished.

You need to install them using roofing nails and overlapping them by at least 4 inches.

The tools you’ll need

Here are some common tools you may need for a roofing project:

Safety equipment: Safety should be a top priority, so make sure to have protective gear such as a hard hat, safety glasses, gloves, and sturdy work boots.
Ladder: A sturdy ladder will be necessary for accessing the roof safely. Choose a ladder with the appropriate height for your roof and ensure it is in good condition.

Roofing shovel or pry bar: These tools are used for removing old shingles and other roofing materials. A roofing shovel is specifically designed for this purpose, with a flat blade and a serrated edge.
Hammer or roofing nailer: Depending on your preference and the scale of the project, you can use a hammer or a roofing nailer to secure the new shingles in place. A roofing nailer can significantly speed up the process.
Utility knife: A sharp utility knife is essential for cutting roofing materials, such as shingles or underlayment, to the required size and shape.

Chalk line: A chalk line is used to create straight reference lines on the roof, ensuring proper alignment and a neat appearance when installing the shingles.
Tape measure: Accurate measurements are crucial for cutting roofing materials to the correct size and determining the layout of the roof.
Roofing nails or screws: Depending on the type of roofing material being used, you’ll need appropriate fasteners such as roofing nails or screws to secure the shingles or other roofing components.

Roofing felt knife or shears: If you’re using roofing felt paper, a roofing felt knife or shears will help you cut the material cleanly and precisely.
Caulking gun: A caulking gun is used to apply sealant or roofing cement to seal gaps, joints, and flashing to prevent water leaks.
Roofing brush or broom: Use a roofing brush or broom to clean the roof surface and remove any loose debris before installing new roofing materials.

Roofing adhesive: Depending on the specific requirements of your roofing project, you may need roofing adhesive to secure certain components, such as flashing or ridge cap shingles.

The materials you’ll need

Shingles: Shingles are the most commonly used roofing material. They come in various types such as asphalt, wood, metal, or synthetic materials. Choose the type that best suits your budget, climate, and desired aesthetics.
Roofing underlayment: Underlayment is a layer of material that goes beneath the shingles and provides additional protection against water infiltration. Common types include felt paper, synthetic underlayment, or self-adhesive membranes.

Drip edge: A metal strip installed along the edges of the roof to prevent water from seeping into the underlying structure. It directs water away from the fascia and eaves.
Flashing: Flashing is typically made of metal and is used to prevent water penetration at vulnerable areas of the roof, such as valleys, chimneys, skylights, or vents. It creates a watertight barrier.
Roofing nails or screws: These fasteners are used to secure shingles, underlayment, flashing, and other roofing components to the roof deck. Choose the appropriate type and length based on the material and thickness being fastened.

Sealant or roofing cement: These materials are used to seal joints, gaps, or areas where flashing or other components meet the roof surface. They help prevent water leaks and provide added protection against moisture.
Ridge vent or ridge cap shingles: Ridge vents or ridge cap shingles are installed at the peak of the roof to allow for proper ventilation and to create a finished appearance.
Ventilation materials: Depending on the roof design and local building codes, you may need ventilation materials such as soffit vents, gable vents, or turbine vents to ensure proper airflow and prevent moisture buildup in the attic space.

Ice and water barriers: These self-adhesive membranes are installed in areas prone to ice dams or high moisture, such as eaves, valleys, and roof edges. They provide an extra layer of protection against water infiltration.
Roofing adhesive: Roofing adhesive is used to secure certain roofing components, such as ridge cap shingles, to ensure they stay in place.
Lumber or plywood: If any sections of the roof deck need repair or replacement, you may need lumber or plywood to provide a solid foundation.

How to prepare your house for roof replacement

To prepare your house for a roof replacement, follow these steps:

Plan ahead: Determine the timeframe for the roof replacement and coordinate with roofing contractors to schedule the work. Consider the weather conditions and plan accordingly.
Clear the work area: Remove any obstacles around the perimeter of your house, such as patio furniture, potted plants, or outdoor decorations. Clear the driveway and ensure there is ample space for the roofing crew to park their vehicles and set up equipment.

Protect vulnerable items: If you have delicate or valuable items in the attic or upper floor of your house, cover them with drop cloths or plastic sheets to protect them from dust and debris that may enter during the roof replacement process.
Communicate with neighbors: Inform your neighbors about the upcoming roof replacement work. This allows them to prepare and make necessary arrangements for any potential inconvenience or noise during the project.
Remove wall decorations: Take down any wall decorations or fragile items from walls or shelves in rooms directly below the roof. Vibrations from the roof replacement process can cause items to fall or become damaged.

Cover or move outdoor items: If you have outdoor furniture, grills, or other items near the house, consider covering them or moving them away from the work area to protect them from debris or potential damage.
Protect landscaping: Cover any plants, bushes, or flowerbeds near the house with tarps or plywood to shield them from falling debris or damage during the roof replacement process.
Secure attic access: If your house has an attic, ensure that the access points (such as hatches or doors) are secured and sealed to prevent dust or debris from entering the living areas during the roof replacement.

Communicate with the roofing crew: On the day of the roof replacement, communicate with the roofing crew to ensure they are aware of any specific instructions or concerns you may have regarding your property.
Consider pets: If you have pets, keep them indoors or make arrangements to keep them in a safe and comfortable location away from the noise and activity of the roof replacement.

Tips for replacing the roof of a house

Here are some tips to consider when replacing the roof of a house:

Hire a professional roofer.

Roof replacement is a significant investment, and hiring an experienced and reputable roofing contractor is highly recommended. Professionals have the necessary skills, knowledge, and equipment to handle the project safely and efficiently, ensuring a quality result.

Research and choose the right roofing material

There are various roofing materials available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Research different options and choose a material that suits your budget, climate, and aesthetic preferences. Consider factors such as durability, energy efficiency, and maintenance requirements.

Obtain necessary permits

Check with your local building department to determine if a permit is required for the roof replacement. Applying for and obtaining the necessary permits ensures that the work complies with local regulations and building codes.

Plan for weather conditions

Roof replacement is weather-dependent. Consider the best time of year to undertake the project, taking into account potential rain, snow, or extreme heat. Ensure that the roofing contractor has contingency plans in case of adverse weather conditions during the project.

Prepare your property

Clear the area around the house, including patio furniture, potted plants, and other obstacles. Protect delicate items in the attic or upper floor from dust and debris that may enter during the roof replacement process. Communicate with neighbors about the project to minimize any inconveniences or disruptions.

Consider ventilation

Proper ventilation is essential for the longevity and performance of your new roof. Discuss ventilation options with your roofing contractor to ensure that the attic and roof have adequate airflow to prevent moisture buildup and improve energy efficiency.

Communicate and ask questions

Maintain open communication with your roofing contractor throughout the project. Ask questions, seek clarification, and stay informed about the progress and any potential issues. A good contractor will keep you updated and address any concerns you may have.

Protect landscaping: Cover plants, bushes, and flowerbeds near the house with tarps or plywood to shield them from falling debris or potential damage during the roof replacement process.

Inspect and replace the roof deck as needed: Before installing the new roofing material, thoroughly inspect the roof deck for any damage or rot. Replace or repair any compromised sections to ensure a solid foundation for the new roof.

Follow maintenance recommendations: Once the roof replacement is complete, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and perform regular maintenance to maximize the lifespan and performance of your new roof. This may include inspections, cleaning gutters, and addressing any issues promptly.

Warnings you should know about when replacing a roof by yourself

Replacing a roof is a complex and potentially dangerous task. If you’re considering replacing a roof yourself, it’s important to be aware of the following warnings:

Safety hazards

Roofing work involves working at heights, which poses significant safety risks. Falls from roofs can result in severe injuries or even fatalities.

Without proper training, equipment, and safety precautions, you may be at a higher risk of accidents. It’s advisable to hire professional roofers who are experienced and equipped to handle the job safely.

Structural damage

Roofing work requires a thorough understanding of the structural components of a roof. Inadequate knowledge or improper techniques can lead to structural damage, compromising the integrity of your home.

A professional roofer will have the expertise to assess and address any structural issues effectively.

Improper installation

A poorly installed roof can lead to a variety of problems, such as leaks, water damage, and premature deterioration.

Roofing materials need to be installed correctly to ensure their effectiveness and longevity.

Professional roofers have the knowledge and experience to install roofing materials properly, while DIYers may lack the necessary skills and expertise.

Voided warranties

Many roofing materials come with warranties that require professional installation to remain valid.

If you attempt to replace the roof yourself and encounter issues, you may unintentionally void the warranty, leaving you responsible for any repairs or replacements.

Time and effort

Roof replacement is a time-consuming and physically demanding task. It requires careful planning, preparation, and attention to detail.

DIY roof replacement can be significantly more time-consuming than hiring professionals, potentially disrupting your daily life for an extended period.

Building code compliance

Roofing projects must comply with local building codes and regulations. Lack of knowledge or failure to adhere to these requirements can result in legal and safety issues.

Professional roofers are familiar with building codes and will ensure that the roof replacement meets all necessary standards.

Lack of specialized tools and equipment

Roofing projects often require specialized tools and equipment that may not be readily available to DIYers.

Professional roofers have access to and are experienced in using the appropriate tools for the job, ensuring efficient and effective work.

Can you roof a house all by yourself?

While it is technically possible to roof a house by yourself, it is generally not recommended, especially for individuals without prior roofing experience.

Roofing requires specialized skills, knowledge, and safety precautions. The task involves working at heights, handling heavy materials, and ensuring proper installation techniques.

Hiring professional roofers with the expertise and equipment necessary for a safe and efficient job is often the best choice to ensure a quality and long-lasting roof.

Do you need a permit to replace your roof?

Permit requirements for roof replacement vary depending on local regulations and building codes.

In many areas, obtaining a permit is necessary for roof replacement projects. Permits ensure that the work complies with safety standards, zoning restrictions, and building codes.

It is important to check with your local building department or municipality to determine the specific permit requirements for your area.

Failing to obtain the required permits can lead to legal and financial consequences.

How long does it take to replace the roof by yourself?

The time it takes to replace a roof by yourself can vary significantly depending on various factors, including the size and complexity of the roof, your level of experience, available help, and weather conditions.

Roof replacement is a labor-intensive task that involves several steps, such as removing old materials, preparing the roof deck, installing new materials, and ensuring proper sealing and finishing.

As a rough estimate, a DIY roof replacement project can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks, depending on these factors.

Can you install new shingles over old shingles?

In some cases, it is possible to install new shingles over old shingles. This method is known as a “roof overlay” or “reroofing.”

However, it is generally recommended to remove the old shingles before installing new ones.

Reroofing over old shingles can add excess weight to the roof, potentially compromising its structural integrity.

It also makes it more difficult to inspect the roof deck for any damage or issues.

Also, installing new shingles over old ones can affect the aesthetics and reduce the lifespan of the new roof.

How long will a DIY-roof last?

Generally, a well-installed and properly maintained DIY roof can last anywhere from 15 to 25 years or more, depending on the type of roofing material used.

However, it’s important to note that professional roofing installations tend to have a higher likelihood of achieving maximum lifespan and performance due to the expertise and experience of the professionals.

How much will a DIY roof cost?

The cost of a DIY roof will depend on various factors, including the size of the roof, the type and quality of materials used, any necessary equipment or tools that need to be purchased or rented, and other associated expenses.

Consider the following costs when estimating the total expense of a DIY roof:

Materials: The cost of roofing materials will depend on the type of roofing system you choose, such as asphalt shingles, metal, or tile. Prices can vary significantly, so research the materials you prefer and calculate the required quantity based on your roof size.
Tools and equipment: If you don’t already have the necessary tools, you’ll need to factor in the cost of purchasing or renting them. This may include items like a roofing shovel, nail gun, safety equipment, and other specialized tools.
Permit fees: Check with your local building department to determine if a permit is required for the roof replacement. If so, consider the cost of obtaining the permit.

Waste disposal: You’ll need to account for the cost of disposing of the old roofing materials. This may include renting a dumpster or hiring a waste removal service.
Additional expenses: Other potential expenses to consider include transportation costs for materials, any required repairs to the roof deck, and any unforeseen issues that may arise during the project.

How do you calculate how much roofing material you need?

To calculate how much roofing material you need, follow these steps:

Measure the roof area: Start by measuring the length and width of each section of the roof. If your roof has multiple sections, measure each section separately. Round all measurements to the nearest foot.
Determine the pitch of the roof: The pitch or slope of the roof affects the amount of roofing material needed. Roofs with steeper pitches generally require more material. Identify the pitch of your roof, which is typically expressed as a ratio (e.g., 4:12, 6:12, etc.), indicating the vertical rise for every 12 inches of horizontal run.
Calculate the roof area: Multiply the length by the width of each section of the roof to find the area of each section. For sections with complex shapes, divide them into smaller rectangles or triangles and calculate their areas separately. Add up the areas of all sections to get the total roof area.

Adjust for the pitch factor: Use the pitch factor to account for the roof’s slope. Multiply the total roof area by the pitch factor. The pitch factor is usually provided by the manufacturer of the roofing material and varies depending on the pitch of the roof. It compensates for the additional material needed to cover the slope.
Consider waste and overlaps: It’s recommended to add a waste factor to account for cuts, overlaps, and errors during installation. The waste factor typically ranges from 5% to 15%, depending on the complexity of the roof and the type of material. Multiply the adjusted roof area by the waste factor to determine the total material required.
Consult product specifications: Check the product specifications of the roofing material you plan to use. It will provide information on the coverage area per unit of the material, such as the number of square feet covered by a bundle of shingles or the coverage area of a roll of roofing underlayment.

Calculate the quantity: Divide the total material required by the coverage area per unit to determine the quantity needed. Round up to the nearest whole number or follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for packaging units.

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